Beta_carotene, Beta_carotene Information, Beta


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Beta-carotene


IUPAC name	1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)- 3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl) octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]cyclohexene
Identifiers
CAS number	[7235-40-7]
PubChem	5280489
SMILES	CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC= C(C)C=CC=C(C) C=CC2=C(CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C
Properties
Molecular formula	C₄₀H₅₆
Molar mass	536.873
Appearance	red-purple
Density	0.941 ± 0.06 g/cm³
Melting point	180-182
Solubility in water	insol in water, sol. in CHCl₃
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Beta-carotene is an organic compound and a terpenoid. As a carotene with β-rings at both ends, it is the most common form of carotene. It is a form of Vitamin A.Susan D. Van Arnum (1998). "Vitamin A in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology" (45): 99-107. New York: John Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471238961.2209200101181421.a01. Being highly conjugated, it is deeply colored, and as a hydrocarbon lacking fuctional groups, it is very lipophilic.

The structure was deduced by Karrer et al.P. Karrer, A. Helfenstein, H. Wehrli, A. Wettstein (1930). "Pflanzenfarbstoffe XXV. Über die Konstitution des Lycopins und Carotins". Helvetica Chimica Acta 13: 1084-1099. doi:10.1002/hlca.19300130532. In nature, β-carotene is a precursor to vitamin A via the action of β-carotene dioxygenase β-carotene is also the substance in carrots that colours them orange. β-Carotenoid is biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate.